Personalized Health Interventions Using AI and Wearable Data: A Data Science Pipeline Approach

Abstract

The integration of artificial intelligence (AI), wearable devices, and data science has inaugurated a transformative era in healthcare delivery. Wearables are increasingly ubiquitous, offering real-time, multimodal physiological data that extend beyond traditional clinical settings. Yet, despite their potential, translating raw wearable data into meaningful, personalized health interventions remains a challenge due to issues of noise, interoperability, privacy, and clinical applicability. This article proposes a comprehensive data science pipeline framework designed specifically for personalized health interventions using wearable data and AI. The pipeline encompasses six layers: (1) data acquisition, (2) data preprocessing, (3) feature engineering, (4) predictive modeling with deep learning, (5) causal inference integration for intervention validity, and (6) deployment into clinical workflows. Drawing from interdisciplinary literature in health informatics, biomedical engineering, and computational data science, we highlight how the pipeline addresses key barriers in scalability, accuracy, interpretability, and regulatory compliance.

We illustrate the pipeline through a case study on personalized cardiac risk monitoring using wearable ECG and activity data, achieving high predictive accuracy for arrhythmia onset and demonstrating the capacity of AI-driven systems to support early interventions. Further, we examine privacy-preserving strategies, ethical implications, and the role of edge computing, federated learning, and quantum neural networks in advancing personalized healthcare. This study contributes a systematic framework for researchers, practitioners, and policymakers seeking to operationalize wearable AI in clinical and consumer health domains. Ultimately, the work underscores the critical role of modular, transparent, and secure AI-enabled data science pipelines in advancing the future of personalized medicine.